A measles outbreak that began in Texas has spread to at least two other states, with a total of 355 confirmed cases. Efforts to increase vaccination in affected areas have not been successful, with many people not getting tested for measles and vaccination uptake remaining low. The outbreak, which started in West Texas in late January, has infected 309 people in 14 Texas counties, with all cases being related to each other. Most of those infected have been children and teenagers who were never vaccinated against the virus, leading to at least 40 hospitalizations and two deaths.
Neighboring states like New Mexico and Oklahoma have also reported cases related to the outbreak. The epicenter of the outbreak, Gaines County, Texas, has a high vaccine exemption rate, and efforts to increase vaccination rates have not been effective due to persistent misconceptions about vaccine safety. Health officials warn that measles will continue to spread until a susceptible population is vaccinated.
Measles is highly contagious and spreads easily through the air. The virus has a long incubation period before symptoms like high fever, cough, and rash develop. Vaccination with two doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine is highly effective in preventing infection. During an outbreak, doctors may recommend early vaccination for those who have been exposed to the virus. Public health officials emphasize the importance of identifying and vaccinating vulnerable individuals to stop the spread of measles.
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